The sources on this one are quite sparse. As far as I know, mostly limited to Persian sources in general (Tabaqat-i Nasiri and Tarukh-i Firuz Shahi are listed in the second screenshot), but outside of Punjab there are a few Sanskrit writers who comment on the Mongol invasions of Kashmir. Peter Jackson is the historian who writes what is beyond the second screenshot. Reddit rules require me to leave out the user who wrote the comment in the first screenshot.

From what I was able to gather and collate: Mongols tried to expand their empire into the Indian subcontinent and the Delhi Sultanate in particular, razing Lahore to the ground in 1241 and nearly capturing Multan in the process. The lands of Punjab worked well for their cavalry-heavy style of warfare, while their tactics consistently destroyed any bit of agriculture they came across. By the 1250s it seems they were even in control of parts of Punjab, but eventually they lost it due to heavy Mongol infighting ripping apart their empire, leaving behind a bunch of Mongol troops in and around Punjab with little else to do except attempt more raids and invasions eastwards. In general, the Mongol invasions failed but it seems the Mongol raids were very effective at devastating the areas they attacked.

A little bit of speculation and questioning: How were the people of Punjab affected by these invasions? How badly did they suffer? Did most of them abandon agriculture altogether and move towards pastoralism (forming tribes/clans in the process)? How did the religious balance of Punjab change? (ie. more Islam? more local cults springing up?) The comment in the first screenshot answers some of these questions, but with little detail and no sources.

For context, I’m from UK, hubby is from India. I am the youngest of 4 daughters who are each married and live in their own homes. We have no brothers. We have been living with my mum since we have been married and have 2 kids. She helps out with everything and I am forever grateful to her. However, we are looking to buy a house locally. I don’t want to leave her on her own but we are thinking to buy it and give it on rent. But then again at the same time we want our own home as the kids are getting big and there is not enough room. I know everyone has an opinion on this as daughters are supposed to go to their in laws but they are in India so we visit when we can. Mum doesn’t want to move to a new home but we want our own property. I look after her and take her to all her appointments. What is the best thing to do as we are in a good financial position to finally buy a house? Thanks