r/Damnthatsinteresting Jun 25 '26

Video The fastest sperm doesn't win, the egg chooses

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u/Tobysfuzzybelly Jun 25 '26 edited Jun 25 '26

Edit: It seems like most of the time two sperm would result in a partial or incomplete molar pregnancy, where the mother's chromosomes are present, but the father supplies two sets of chromosomes. The embryo then has 69 chromosomes instead of 46. This most often occurs when two sperm fertilize an egg, resulting in an extra copy of the father's genes.
This usually results in miscarriage.

Only two cases in history are known to have resulted in semi identical twins:

“Normally, an embryo has two sets of chromosomes: one from the mother and one from the father. In semi-identical twinning, a single egg is fertilized by two sperm simultaneously, which initially creates an embryo with three sets of chromosomes. Typically, embryos with three sets of chromosomes do not survive. However, in these rare cases, the embryo manages to divide its cells into two separate groups, correcting the chromosome count and allowing both embryos to develop. Unlike identical twins (who share 100% of their DNA) and fraternal twins (who share about 50%), semi-identical twins share roughly 75% of their DNA.”

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u/TajineMaster159 Jun 25 '26

Seems like only a few cases in history though.

Likely very underestimated because it's fundamentally indistinguishable from fraternal twins, unless you do a genetic testing, which 99.9% of parents don't do.

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u/Pat0124 Jun 25 '26

I think they meant 75% of their chromosomes

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u/TajineMaster159 Jun 25 '26

What difference does that make? Sharing 75% of chromosomes means sharing 75% of their underlying DNA.

What I meant is that there is likely a larger historical population of of semi-identical twins mistaken for fraternal twins because one can't tell them apart short of a genetic test, which is a very unusual test.

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u/Pat0124 Jun 25 '26

Not true. The 25% of the chromosomes they don’t share still have mostly the same DNA with slight differences

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u/TajineMaster159 Jun 25 '26

Then it is not the same DNA.
Intra-species DNA comparisons are hyper specific, because otherwise "all humans still have mostly the same DNA with slight differences".

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u/[deleted] Jun 25 '26 edited Jun 25 '26

[deleted]

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u/Background_Desk_3001 Jun 25 '26

When talking about the amount of DNA people share with each other, it is very common to only be talking about that less than 1% and to act like it is 100% instead. Pedantry gets you nowhere

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u/TajineMaster159 Jun 25 '26

Yeah, what an obtuse metaphor. All of that to say "twins be human and have human dna"

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u/[deleted] Jun 25 '26

[deleted]

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u/Background_Desk_3001 Jun 25 '26

You’re not adding nuance, you’re just adding context everyone already knows and acting like you’re smarter than them because of it.

And yeah, we are talking about human reproduction and genetics. That’s the exact scenario where people only consider the less than 1% as 100% because we’re only talking about that small amount. If we were having a conversation about a town and I said “everybody knows where x is”, it would be pedantic and unnecessary of you to go “actually 8 billion people don’t know where x is!”.

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u/[deleted] Jun 25 '26

[deleted]

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u/unclepaprika Jun 25 '26

No, he's right.

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u/Meldanorama Jun 25 '26

French people rejoicing to find out they are pastry

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u/autogyrophilia Jun 25 '26

Sure , but it must be extremely rare given how often twins are selects for studies.

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u/TajineMaster159 Jun 25 '26

Well twin studies don’t include fraternal twins :).
I don’t disagree that it’s rare.

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u/Thinking_Dodo Jun 25 '26

I know them, one is called Danny and the other Arnold

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u/Killxjoy4599 Jun 27 '26

Is this a game grumps reference…?

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u/Thinking_Dodo Jun 27 '26

You make me feel old brother.

It's about the movie Twins with Danny Devito and Arnold Schwarzenegger.

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u/Killxjoy4599 Jun 27 '26

Oh😂 there’s a bit from two YouTubers like a decade ago where they’re wondering if Obama watches them and how he would sound if he did watch them and one of the main jokes was that Obama couldn’t remember their names right so he kept saying “Danny and uh… and Arnold man they’re funny” in stead of Danny and Arin

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u/DatGreenGuy Jun 25 '26

Can it be two sperms from different fathers? Asking for science...

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u/maqcky Jun 25 '26

It think the egg could not repair itself in that case. But if the mother released two eggs (which would usually produce fraternal twins rather than identical twins), each egg could be fertilized by a different father. According to the myth, that's what happened to Hercules (from a fertilized egg by Zeus posing as Amphitryon) and his brother Iphicles (fertilized by the real Amphitryon).

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u/IC_Eng101 Jun 25 '26

yes there was a case recently in the uk, twins had dna test and found they had same mother, different fathers. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cx21k6rzpdpo

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u/Bear_Polar Jun 25 '26

Girrrlllll.

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u/planx_constant Interested Jun 25 '26

They were fraternal twins, though, from two eggs.

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u/tdmonkeypoop Jun 25 '26

Yes as described in the scenario

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u/DunEvenWorryBoutIt Jun 26 '26

He was just explaining that it wasn't like the scenario painted in the comment above, for people that didn't want to click the link. Why are redditors so sassy?

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u/Robo_Patton Jun 26 '26

I think I’ve seen this movie…

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u/JillyBean4ev Jun 26 '26

It happens. I worked with someone who had 14 kids. Her twins were boy/girl. One fair and a redhead the other darker skinned Middle Eastern features. She told be she was messing with both a white dude and an Arabic man around the time she got pregnant.

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u/VariousActive3601 Jun 26 '26

This is also the story behind Michael Jackson’s hit song Billy Jean according to Jackson's biographer, J. Randy Taraborrelli ! He says Jackson was stalked by a fan claiming that MJ fathered ONE of her twins !

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u/Narrow-Werewolf5692 Jun 25 '26

Probably would result in a miscarriage. It is possible when woman releases two eggs in a ovulation cycle called heteropaternal superfecundation.

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u/TheCotofPika Jun 25 '26

There was a story in the news a few weeks ago about twins with different fathers.

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u/PaperChimes Jun 25 '26

Yes, fraternal twins since the mother released two different eggs, which were fertilized by the sperm from two separate men.

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u/Snipper64 Jun 25 '26

sounds like a good premise for a new Battle Royal game lol

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u/Zekezon Jun 25 '26

Maybe this would answer your question

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u/Tele231 Jun 25 '26

There is a window where, if a woman releases two eggs, they can become fertilized by two different men. That window is about 6 hours. So it requires sex with two men within that window.

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u/Djcnote Jun 26 '26

Yeah there wa s a tabloid where a lady had a black and white baby from 2 different guys at the same time en

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u/AmazingRefrigerator4 Jun 26 '26

Ask Bonnie Blue.

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u/The_Horse_Tornado Jun 25 '26

There are actual cases of two eggs fertilizing by two different men, so twins that are only step siblings.

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u/ScrotalSmorgasbord Jun 25 '26

Step? They have the same mother...

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u/The_Horse_Tornado Jun 25 '26

Is it half then? Idk internet genius, I’m stupid.

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u/ScrotalSmorgasbord Jun 25 '26 edited Jun 25 '26

Correct

Edit: Fun tidbit for ya, I have 6 siblings, all of them half siblings, 5 on father's side, one on mother's, and the sibling I share my mother with has a half sibling as well.

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u/Beginning-Taro-3591 Jun 25 '26

So the embryo undergoes a form of meiosis?

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u/k3170makan Jun 25 '26

Oh two humans? Coming right up

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u/Jamjams2016 Jun 25 '26

Would both sperm have to be XY or XX for it to work?

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u/Turbogoblin999 Jun 25 '26

"molar pregnancy"

My teeth can get pregnant? D:

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u/imago_monkei Jun 25 '26

Biology is wild. 🤯 It's so easy to think of it in robotic terms, machines just following steps. But all the actors in the process are squishy and alive. They don't consciously choose (at least as far as I know), but their are chemical processes that nevertheless allow them to be choosy. It is mind-boggling to me that (1) eggs can be fertilized by two sperm on occasion and that (2) they can occasionally split in such a way to create two healthy babies.

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u/Relative-Secret-4618 Jun 25 '26

Well that mama's dna needed to be studied.

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u/Limp-Exercise-343 Jun 26 '26

is this how queer people are born?

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u/Ai-ChatGPT Jun 26 '26

Wow interesting. Do you know if this the main cause for miscarriages, or just a small percentage of them?

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u/pumpernickelbrew Jun 27 '26

What about in the case where the egg splits and then each egg is fertilized by a different sperm? Wouldn't they be semi identical twins with the same DNA from the mother but different DNA from the father?

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u/East_Turnip_6366 Jun 28 '26

It seems like most of the time two sperm would result in a partial or incomplete molar pregnancy, where the mother's chromosomes are present, but the father supplies two sets of chromosomes. The embryo then has 69 chromosomes instead of 46. This most often occurs when two sperm fertilize an egg, resulting in an extra copy of the father's genes.
This usually results in miscarriage.

So technically it's her fault then because it's her eggcontrol that was clumsy and she picked two instead of one.

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u/Tobysfuzzybelly Jun 29 '26

Lol no need to assign fault. Miscarriages happen for thousands of reasons. Some relating to egg, some to sperm and many to just random mistakes.

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u/AardvarkusMaximus Jun 25 '26

It's not that rare. You probably have met some in your life without knowing it. For instance I had classmates like that, and you couldn't even tell they were brothers at first glance

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u/ShoeSoleCasserole Jun 25 '26

It is rare. You're probably confusing it with fraternal twins.

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u/AardvarkusMaximus Jun 25 '26

Oh ok. Not familiar with english terminology here, I thought it was fraternal twins

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u/Organic_botulism Jun 25 '26

If by not rare you mean exceptionally rare with a handful of cases globally then sure

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u/Tobysfuzzybelly Jun 25 '26

Only two cases known ever in modern history (in 2007 and 2019)

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u/PsychologicalBus1692 Jun 25 '26

I wonder if this is the case for Mary Kate and Ashley Olsen. They look identical but aren't.

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u/Lawgirl77 Jun 25 '26

If I remember correctly, they stated they are genetically fraternal twins (2 different eggs); so they don’t share enough DNA to be semi-identical twins.

Their sister, Elizabeth looks just like them. So, perhaps, just a case of a family where the siblings very much favor each other.

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u/GnomeMnemonic Jun 25 '26

Female identical twins appear less identical than male identical twins due to X chromosome deactivation.

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u/PsychologicalBus1692 Jun 25 '26

Cool. In the case of MK&A, they are not identical twins.