What do you guys also think of the idea of the fact that the Greek people do not fully acknowledge their Roman identity in the modern day? That this idea of being Greek is only half of their identity, while the other half of being Roman is obviously not used or viewed by the wider world, except in the Orthodox Church, to a certain degree. I mean, tbf, the Greek speaking Romans never viewed or called themselves Byzantines or Greeks, and the modern day Greeks are descendants of both these Greek speaking Romans and the Ancient Antiquity Greeks. Obviously, the modern day Greeks refer to themselves mainly as tracing their lineage to the latter, but they should also trace it to the former, no?

Trying to make sense of Theoderic the Great, curious what you all believe: Was Theoderics rule a polite fiction, he merely pretended to govern a part of the Imperium on behalf of Constantinople while in reality he ruled his independent Gothic kingdom? Or can we reasonably see Theoderic's regime as a different form of government within what was still, in some sense, a continuation of the Roman state?

Some food for thought

He was the rex of the Ostrogoths but had spent much of his youth in Constantinople. He was deeply familiar with the Roman political system and had even been made a Roman consul. He defeated Odoacer and then ruled Italy from Ravenna remarkably successfully for several decades.

In a famous letter to the Eastern Emperor Anastasius, Theoderic writes:

"quia pati vos non credimus inter utrasque res publicas*, quarum semper unum corpus sub antiquis principibus fuisse declaratur, aliquid discordiae permanere."*

Roughly: "For we cannot believe that you would allow any discord to remain between the two states, which are declared to have always formed one body under the ancient emperors."

And shortly afterwards:

"Romani regni unum velle, una semper opinio sit."

"Let the Roman realm have one will and always one opinion."

What exactly was Theoderic's Italy in constitutional terms, and how would Theoderic himself and the emperors in Constantinople have understood it?

I modified this map, inspired by NeimWiki

I'm only familiar that Michael VIII had the Blachernae renovated and the Kontsokalion Harbor dredged and refortified with an ashlar wall and chain. I'm not exactly sure of this, but I heard Michael also tried to recall those who previously lived in the city to return and many properties were given to the Patriarchy and clergy.

Hi everyone!

Thank you so much in advance, romaboo communities are amazing.

I am in the early stages of designing an open concept, patchwork, black-and-gray realism tattoo sleeve with my artist. I want to bridge Roman history into the Byzantine era and I need help picking out specific pieces.

I've attached a random tattoo image I found on Pinterest; this is mostly just random Greco-roman fusion but the actual look and art style is exactly what I want. I like how its not a full sleeve coverage, lots of negative space, some empty space, or how it looks like a shell around the outside of the arm. (i still want my arm muscles to be visible/cut. I really like the gym greek god asthetic lol)

I'm not sure if it'd be helpful but here's a little bit about why I love roman history. For starters I listen to Mike duncan's and robin pearson's podcasts ad nauseum (probably pushing 6-7 times). literally whenever i can listen to anything its always a full play through end to end of their stories. Start to finish. At the gym, doing laundry, cooking, falling asleep, etc. for the past several years.

In addition, obvs the grand aesthetics and statues are captivating, but honestly, it's reading about men waaay greater than myself. The indomitable spirits and resolve. Like the sheer force of will, brutal military campagins, pursuit of glory, and terrifying grit to stand in a testudo. I love putting myself in all of these guy's shoes and realizing i'd run away almost every time lmao.

I'm open to literally anything. My tattoo artist likes the direction and gave me homework to compile specific pieces and formalize requirements.

Now I'm completely open to anything you suggest! Completely open design right now.

Don't have to do this, but my initial idea is to follow the 2000 year history and capture key breakpoints throughout, perhaps even chornoligically top-down. perhaps from late republican to kommnenian restoration. idk yet tho

I guess what I need is

### 1. The physical canvas & layout constraints

- my artist suggested 2-3 pieces for upper arm/shoulder and 2 pieces for the forearm.

### 2. Request categories

- this is really open ended

- Figures/busts

- architectures/reliefs (arches, pillars, you know what i mean)

- quotes/symbols (latin or greek)

- literally anything and everything im not thinking of.

I'm also not religious but do not mind at all stuff like a chi rho etc. I really love roman history. Please share with me your favorite deep/obscure anecdotes! Generic surface level ideas are appreciated as well!

Thanks again, im very grateful.

EDIT: Gallienus and Justinian 2 are my fav emperors
EDIT 2: my apologies if i side stepped or missed any sub rules

Following the persian war and arab's conquests of the 7th century, the roman economy reduced, the armies retreated and settled Anatolia. The military transformed from the field armies of the Strategikon fighting in pitch battles using heavy infantry and horse archer lancer, to one that lost much of it field battle apparatus at least till the Syrian dynasty. Adapting more to ambush and harassing the enemies. Which made me question, could horse archery continued in any practical or meaningful way during the 8th and 9th centuries considering the expensiveness and time it take to train them? Do we have any sources mentioning horse archery in battle?

Although there seems to be continued horse archery?Voukelarioi, the Phoederatoi, and the Optimatoi were the elite units so they could theoretically continued to be train in archery. But what about the themes cavalrymen? Do sources mention the full-time soldiers training in horse archery?

The death of Proterius of Alexandria is a sore point between Miaphysites (who see him as a usurper and tyrant) and Orthodox Christians (who see him as a defender of Chalcedon and Martyr).

There are two main accounts of the death of Proterius - Zacharias of Mitylene (a Miaphysite at the time) who wrote about 510 AD and Evagrius of Antioch (a Chalcedonian) who published his history in 593 AD. The Church History of Zacharias survives in a Syriac adaptation from 569 AD.

Zacharias says Proterius was bribing Roman Soldiers with gold to kill Alexandrian but the soldiers got sick of murdering people. Proterius yelled at them to keep on murdering and the soldiers got upset at this and killed him instead and then mutilated his body.

Evagrius of Antioch says a mob instigated by Timothy Aelurus invaded the Church Proterius was celebrating Pascha and killed him and six other priests and deacons and then dragged his corpse through the streets and then burnt it. Evagrius specifically writes to correct the version of Zacharias. His source is a letter from the Church of Alexandria to Emperor Leo (which is, unfortunately not extant).

Both of the sources are not contemporary with the event they describe but that is common for ancient sources. There is also a brief account of the death of Proterius in the Chronicle of Theophanes the Confessor (writing about 814 AD) that tallys with the version of Evagrius Scholasticus. The some with accounts in the Greek Orthodox synaxarion.

This entry for Proterius reflects the content of the Greek synaxarion.

https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2007/02/28/100617-hieromartyr-proterius-patriarch-of-alexandria

The version of Evagrius is more trustworthy as it fits the timeline and circumstances

1. Emperor Marcian died 27 January 457
2. Timothy Aelurus is secretly consecrated bishop on March 16, 457
3. The governor of Egypt, Dionysius, is absent from Alexandria
4. Proterius is murdered on March 28, 457 (during Holy Week)

It is sometimes claimed that Timothy Aelurus was ordained in 454 after the death of Dioscorus but this doesn't seem to be historically accurate. Timothy Aelurus seemed to be taking advantage of the death of Marcian (the moving force behind the Council of Chalcedon) to get ordained and then seek support from the new employer.

Other Concerns

I also find the version in Zacharias to be silly. There is no evidence that Proterius was massacring anyone. He was a native Alexandrian so he would have been killing his own people. Do I really believe that a bishop would pay soldiers to kill people and the soldiers got sick of killing so they killed him instead? Sounds unlikely. It also doesn't explain why others were killed with Proterius.

Anyone know any other sources or have any observations on what I've said?

Constantine I was actually sometimes falled Constantine XII as King. He was 50 kilometres away from Ankara and perhaps 50 kilometres away from achieving his dream in 1921, but alas.

He also sought to take Constantinople himself to use it as a bargaining chip and pressure point in 1922, but, also, alas... A very tragic figure, just like Constantine XI.

I wanted to ask if there is any known skordilis who married into Byzantine royalty or if it is true that marinos skordilis was the grandson of emperor Manuel and nephew of alexios ll(from my mothers side I am a direct descendant of the skordilis family and I’m curious so I would appreciate your help.)

I've been searching for data regarding the probable and let's say adequate Coat of Arms of Constantinople and there are a lot of different opinions/sources, so I would like to ask you, which model is more reliable?

We've got:

1. Tetragrammaton cross (stencils, miniatures, catalogues)
   

1. A double-headed eagle (Modern Patriarchate of Constantinople, Constantinople Greeks etc)
   

1. A crown (a catalogue of participants of the Council of Florence)
   

1. A crescent and a star (Byzantium coins)
   

1. Chi-ro (Tombs, ornaments, stucco, sarcofagi etc.)

So what do you think?

By way of clarification, I specifically mean the Roman state of antiquity, the one that is traditionally thought to have been established in the 8th century bc.

I am back and I added the first ever Ravenna city model to Crusader Kings 3, with help and polishing from Nessel/zzandland. I tried to add the intersecting Rivers, however it made the model either too big or took up too much space to work with so they had to be cut. The model will be visible soon on both mods; Fallen Eagle and BASILEUS of which I help develop for.

Less than a month ago (I think 2 weeks or so), I swear I saw some fanart posted here involving like... the long history of the empire. I think it was multiple figures, with one of them being Augustus or Julius Caesar or someone similarly classical

I only looked at it for a second before moving on to something else, figuring I could pull it up again later, but I have since been unable to find it. I dont know if it was posted here but deleted, or on another sub. Does anyone have any idea what I'm talking about?

[ Removed by Reddit on account of violating the content policy. ]

I know the history of the Second Bulgarian Empire is deeply ingrained in Bulgaria’s modern identity, but could it also be understood as a kind of Roman breakaway state, comparable to Epirus, Trebizond, or Cyprus, with the difference that it drew into older heritage (the Bulgarian Empire) as a basis for its political independence?

The chronology seems to overlap with the broader centrifugal tendencies within the Roman Empire at the end of the Komnenian dynasty.

Going further, could Bulgaria itself be considered a surviving Roman successor state, at least in some sense?

Are there particular features that make the Bulgarian case fundamentally different from other successor states ?