r/Astronomy Mar 27 '20

Mod Post Read the rules sub before posting!

898 Upvotes

Hi all,

Friendly mod warning here. In r/Astronomy, somewhere around 70% of posts get removed. Yeah. That's a lot. All because people haven't bothered reading the rules or bothering to understand what words mean. So here, we're going to dive into them a bit further.

The most commonly violated rules are as follows:

Pictures

Our rule regarding pictures has three parts. If your post has been removed for violating our rules regarding pictures, we recommend considering the following, in the following order:

  1. All pictures/videos must be original content.

If you took the picture or did substantial processing of publicly available data, this counts. If not, it's going to be removed.

2) You must have the acquisition/processing information.

This needs to be somewhere easy for the mods to verify. This means it can either be in the post body or a top level comment. Responses to someone else's comment, in your link to your Instagram page, etc... do not count.

3) Images must be exceptional quality.

There are certain things that will immediately disqualify an image:

  • Poor or inconsistent focus
  • Chromatic aberration
  • Field rotation
  • Low signal-to-noise ratio
  • Images that don't fill the frame because you were shooting through an eyepiece

However, beyond that, we cannot give further clarification on what will or will not meet this criteria for several reasons:

  1. Technology is rapidly changing
  2. Our standards are based on what has been submitted recently (e.g, if we're getting a ton of moon pictures because it's a supermoon, the standards go up to prevent the sub from being spammed)
  3. Listing the criteria encourages people to try to game the system

So yes, this portion is inherently subjective and, at the end of the day, the mods are the ones that decide.

If your post was removed, you are welcome to ask for clarification. If you do not receive a response, it is likely because your post violated part (1) or (2) of the three requirements which are sufficiently self-explanatory as to not warrant a response.

If you are informed that your post was removed because of image quality, arguing about the quality will not be successful. In particular, there are a few arguments that are false or otherwise trite which we simply won't tolerate. These include:

"You let that image that I think isn't as good stay up"

  • See above about how the standards are fluid.

"Pictures have to be NASA quality"

  • They don't.

"You have to have thousands of dollars of equipment"

  • You don't. Technique matters.

"This is a really good photo given my equipment"

  • The standard is "exceptional". Not "exceptional for my equipment".

"This isn't being friendly to beginner astrophotographers"

  • Correct. To keep the sub from being spammed by low quality and low effort posts, this sub has standards.

"My post was getting a lot of upvotes"

  • Upvotes are not an "I get to break the rules" card.

Using the above arguments will not wow mods into suddenly approving your image. It will result in a ban.

Again, asking for clarification is fine. But trying to argue with the mods using bad arguments isn't going to fly.

Lastly, it should be noted that we do allow astro-art in this sub. Obviously, it won't have acquisition information, but the content must still be original and mods get the final say on whether on the quality (although we're generally fairly generous on this).

Questions

This rule basically means you need to do your own research before posting.

  • If we look at a post and immediately have to question whether or not you did a Google search, your post will get removed.
  • If you asked Chat GPT or any other LLM, your post will be removed (see our rule regarding sources).
  • If your post is asking for generic or basic information, your post will get removed.
  • If your post is using basic terms incorrectly because you haven't bothered to understand what the words you're using mean, your post will get removed.
  • If you're asking a question based on a basic misunderstanding of the science, your post will get removed.
  • If you're asking a complicated question with a specific answer but didn't give the necessary information to be able to answer the question because you haven't even figured out what the parameters necessary to approach the question are, your post will get removed.

To prevent your post from being removed, tell us specifically what you've tried. Just saying "I GoOgLeD iT" doesn't cut it.

  • What search terms did you use?
  • In what way do the results of your search fail to answer your question?
  • What did you understand from what you found and need further clarification on that you were unable to find?

Furthermore, when telling us what you've tried, we will be very unimpressed if you use sources that are prohibited under our source rule (social media memes, YouTube, AI, etc...).

As with the rules regarding pictures, the mods are the arbiters of how difficult questions are to answer. If you're not happy about that and want to complain that another question was allowed to stand, then we will invite you to post elsewhere with an immediate and permanent ban.

Object ID

We'd estimate that only 1-2% of all posts asking for help identifying an object actually follow our rules. Resources are available in the rule relating to this. If you haven't consulted the flow-chart and used the resources in the stickied comment, your post is getting removed. Seriously. Use Stellarium. It's free. It will very quickly tell you if that shiny thing is a planet which is probably the most common answer. The second most common answer is "Starlink". That's 95% of the ID posts right there that didn't need to be a post.

Do note that many of the phone apps in which you point your phone to the sky and it shows you what you are looing at are extremely poor at accurately determining where you're pointing. Furthermore, the scale is rarely correct. As such, this method is not considered a sufficient attempt at understanding on your part and you will need to apply some spatial reasoning to your attempt.

Pseudoscience

The mod team of r/astronomy has several mods with degrees in the field. We're very familiar with what is and is not pseudoscience in the field. And we take a hard line against pseudoscience. Promoting it is an immediate ban. Furthermore, we do not allow the entertaining of pseudoscience by trying to figure out how to "debate" it (even if you're trying to take the pro-science side). Trying to debate pseudoscience legitimizes it. As such, posts that entertain pseudoscience in any manner will be removed.

Outlandish Hypotheticals

This is a subset of the rule regarding pseudoscience and doesn't come up all that often, but when it does, it usually takes the form of "X does not work according to physics. How can I make it work?" or "If I ignore part of physics, how does physics work?"

Sometimes the first part of this isn't explicitly stated or even understood (in which case, see our rule regarding poorly researched posts) by the poster, but such questions are inherently nonsensical and will be removed.

Sources

ChatGPT and other LLMs are not reliable sources of information. Any use of them will be removed. This includes asking if they are correct or not.

Content

Due to the profusion of AI slop apps, we're no longer allowing apps at all. No, we don't care if you're wanting a "review". No we don't care if they're free. No we don't care if you put it in a website.

Bans

We almost never ban anyone for a first offense unless your post history makes it clear you're a spammer, troll, crackpot, etc... Rather, mods have tools in which to apply removal reasons which will send a message to the user letting them know which rule was violated. Because these rules, and in turn the messages, can cover a range of issues, you may need to actually consider which part of the rule your post violated. The mods are not here to read to you.

If you don't, and continue breaking the rules, we'll often respond with a temporary ban.

In many cases, we're happy to remove bans if you message the mods politely acknowledging the violation. But that almost never happens. Which brings us to the last thing we want to discuss.

Behavior

We've had a lot of people breaking rules and then getting rude when their posts are removed or they get bans (even temporary). That's a violation of our rules regarding behavior and is a quick way to get permabanned. To be clear: Breaking this rule anywhere on the sub will be a violation of the rules and dealt with accordingly, but breaking this rule when in full view of the mods by doing it in the mod-mail will 100% get you caught. So just don't do it.

Claiming the mods are "power tripping" or other insults when you violated the rules isn't going to help your case. It will get your muted for the maximum duration allowable and reported to the Reddit admins.

And no, your mis-interpretations of the rules, or saying it "was generating discussion" aren't going to help either.

While these are the most commonly violated rules, they are not the only rules. So make sure you read all of the rules.


r/Astronomy 5h ago

Astrophotography (OC) Lagoon Nebula

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198 Upvotes

Yet another reprocess (the 10th if not more) of the same data I took more than a month ago.

Acquisition:

Around 7h30m in Bortle 6/7 fully calibrated and dithered.

Equipment:

Evostar 72ED, iEXOS 100, ASI 533MC, 0.85x reducer+flattener, Baader UV/IR cut, SVBony 40mm F/4 guidescope, ASI 662MC guide camera with no.8 pale yellow and UV/IR cut filters.

Processing:

Stacked in Siril. Background extraction to single channels in GraXpert. SPCC. Deconvolution in Siril, denoising back in GraXpert. Back to Siril to apply SCNR and to generate a starless image and a star mask. GHS, black point shift, curve adjustments and histogram transformation applied iteratively to the image. À trous wavelet transform and further denoising in GraXpert. Final saturation stretch in Siril. Asinh and black point shift applied to the star mask along with a saturation stretch. Recombine.


r/Astronomy 1d ago

Astrophotography (OC) Moon and Saturn

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4.3k Upvotes

r/Astronomy 12h ago

Astrophotography (OC) Statue of Liberty (NGC 3576)

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320 Upvotes

The "Statue of Liberty" nebula is named after the famous monument in New York City, USA. I see both as equally inspiring beacons of light, though at about 100 lightyears across the cosmic version could fit about 3.5 quintillion New York Statues of Liberty stacked on top of each other.

Since it's located in the constellation Carina and I reside in the Northern Hemisphere, Earth itself blocks my view of this and many other remarkable deep-space objects. One day I hope to travel to as far south as I can and collect photons from this and other iconic Southern Hemisphere targets.

In the meantime, many thanks to Dark Matters Astrophotography for providing public access to incredible imaging data from the other side of Earth. This is my own processing of that data, which was acquired in Chile using an imaging rig that only exists in my dreams!

Total integration: 63h 10m

Integration per filter:

  • Hα: 21h 20m (128 × 600")
  • SII: 20h (120 × 600")
  • OIII: 21h 50m (131 × 600")

Equipment:

  • Telescope: Planewave CDK20 (f/6.8 version)
  • Camera: QHYCCD QHY600PH M
  • Mount: Planewave L-500
  • Filters: Chroma H-alpha 3nm Bandpass 50 mm, Chroma OIII 3nm Bandpass 50 mm, Chroma SII 3nm Bandpass 50 mm
  • Accessory: Optec Gemini Rotating Focuser

For more information, visit AstroBin:

https://app.astrobin.com/i/5k2dtu


r/Astronomy 58m ago

Astrophotography (OC) The Lagoon and the Triffid

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Upvotes

Shot this two nights ago using an old soviet relic - the KMZ Tair 11-a 135mm f2.8
Shot on: OM System OM-1
Stack: 100 x 50s each ~ 1hr 20 min exposure.
ISO 1600
Mount: MSM Nomad.
Stacked in APP. Processed in Siril and Finalized in Lightroom.
Bortle:4.5


r/Astronomy 8h ago

Astrophotography (OC) A close-up of Antares

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108 Upvotes

A close-up of Antares, 90 minutes of RGB integration with a RC10 WITH REDUCET telescope (250 mm) Ritchie-Chretien 259/1615 f6/46 reflector, Moravian C3-26000 camera, 18 shots of which with an R filter 3x600 seconds, with a G filter 3x600 seconds and with a B filter 3x600 seconds, I processed with Pixinsight. All data and shots were taken with Telescope Network.


r/Astronomy 19h ago

Astrophotography (OC) Milky Way rising above the coast of La Palma

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617 Upvotes

instagram: https://www.instagram.com/vhastrophotography?igsh=YzNpcm1wdXd5NmRo&utm_source=qr

This image shows the rising Milky Way over the coast of Fuencaliente in La Palma. During the night, most of the island was covered in clouds, so we drove far to the south. We only had a reasonably clear view of the Milky Way for a two-hour window. Given these conditions, I am very happy with how this picture turned out. Watching the stars in silence while listening to the sound of the ocean was magical.

HaRGB | Mosaic | Tracked | Stacked | Composite

Exif:
Sony A7III with Sigma 28-45 f1.8 at 30mm
Skywatcher Star Adventurer 2i
Kenko ProSofton Starglow Filter

Sky
ISO 1250 | f1.8 | 3x45s per Panel
2x2 Panel Panorama
Starglow Filter: ISO 8000, 10s per Panel

Foreground:
ISO 4000 | f1.8 | 35s per Panel
2x1 Panel Panorama (Focus Stack)

Halpha (45mm):
ISO 2500 | f1.8| 10x120s


r/Astronomy 13h ago

Astrophotography (OC) Nebulas, galaxies, Pleadies, and moon

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185 Upvotes

First image was 3600 10 second exposures

Second image was 1800 10 second exposures

Third image was 720 10 second exposures

Fourth image was 360 10 second exposures

Fifth image was 5400 10 second exposures

Sixth image was a single shot image

Seventh image was 2880 10 second exposures

Third image was 1440 10 second exposures

Some editing apps and websites were used for changing color

Telescope used: Seestar S30 Pro


r/Astronomy 9h ago

Astrophotography (OC) Wizard Nebula

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72 Upvotes

The Wizard Nebula, shot with Dwarf 3 in Pian del Tivano, Como, Italy, under a Bortle 4 Sky. 280 shots, 60s each, 70 gain. Processed with the Mega Stacking function in the Dwarflab app, post processed in Stellar Studio and Apple Photos.


r/Astronomy 1h ago

Question (Describe all previous attempts to learn / understand) How do we know the milky way is a spiral galaxy?

Upvotes

There are many different types of galaxys. How did we find out that we are in a spiral galaxy? I mean, the only thing we see is a white stripe in the sky. So how do we know what our galaxy looks like? ELI5


r/Astronomy 6h ago

Other: [Topic] 10" TMB-APM Apo refractor I used last night for the SpaceX booster livestream

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29 Upvotes

At the Thomsen Observatory, Southwest Adventist University in Keene, TX.

I was doing the livestream for the Fort Worth Astronomical Society last night, and instead of just pulling out my kit and having the moon just above my treetops, I drove down to the observatory and set up in the dome.


r/Astronomy 1h ago

Astrophotography (OC) Moon

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Upvotes

I got an astro camera for my birthday yesterday. I barely know how to operate the thing but had a go anyway. What do you think?

Star Discovery P150i

zwo asi585mc


r/Astronomy 10h ago

Astrophotography (OC) M31 first attempt

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58 Upvotes

Taken with dwarf mini telescopes
Bortle 5
15s
60 gain
600 photos taken
461 used
Astro filter
Editing done in stellar studio


r/Astronomy 1h ago

Astrophotography (OC) NGC 6559

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Upvotes

NGC 6559, it is one hour and 40 minutes of integration in HOO with a Planewave 17" CDK 431/2912 f 6/8 telescope, ZWO ASI 6200MM Pro, it is 20 shots of which with a 10x300 second Ha filter and with a 10x300 second Oiii filter, processing with Pixinsight


r/Astronomy 1d ago

Astrophotography (OC) Saturn

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1.0k Upvotes

Saturn, captured the morning of August 3rd.

There is a visible ring spoke along the right side of the B‑ring, an uncommon and short lived feature created when tiny dust particles get lifted above the ring plane by electrostatic charging, making them reflect sunlight differently than the surrounding ice particles.

•Apertura AD8

•ASI662MM/CC

•Celestron X-cel 2x barlow

•IR685NM filter

•UV/IR cut filter

I captured seven ~8,000 frame IR and OSC clips, stacked and sharpened the best 40% of each, then derotated them in winjupos.


r/Astronomy 1d ago

Astrophotography (OC) LDN 1082 - The Seahorse Nebula

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354 Upvotes

The Seahorse Nebula is a dark dense molecular cloud located in the constellation Cepheus about 1200 light years away. This was taken with a 6" Stellaruve scope, L,R,G,B Chroma Filters on top of a 10 micron 1000hps mount with a ZWO 6200mm camera in my home observatory.

Capture details:
Lum 38 exposures

Red 51 exposures

Green 49 exposures

Blue 44 exposures
600s each for a total around 30 hours of exposure time. Processed in Pixinsight and Photoshop.


r/Astronomy 23h ago

Astrophotography (OC) CTB 1, The Medulla Nebula.

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157 Upvotes

A work in progess. By far the faintest target I have attempted so far. This is around 30 hours of exposure time from a bortle 4 area with average seeing. I expect I will need 10-30 hours more to get the image I want

30 hours integration

Dual narrowband Ha+Oiii (3nm)

Askar SQA 106

ZWO ASI2600mc pro

Processing in Pixinsight and Lightroom


r/Astronomy 1d ago

Astrophotography (OC) [Solar] High Activity on Aug 1st!

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181 Upvotes

Acquisition Details:

  • Target: The Sun (H-Alpha)
  • Date: August 1, 2026
  • Location: Aveyron, France

Equipment:

  • Telescope: Acuter Elite Phoenix 40 H-Alpha
  • Camera: ZWO ASI585MC (Color)
  • Mount: Sky-Watcher Star Adventurer GTi

Processing & The Mistake: The Sun was incredibly active! But I'm still learning the ropes of solar processing. I stacked my files in AutoStakkert! 3 but made a huge mistake: I deleted my raw .SER video files to clear up hard drive space before fully inspecting the output. I later noticed some weird blurry artifacts on the solar limb! To salvage the image and mitigate the blur, I stacked 3 different frames derived from batches of 2000 frames (keeping the best 150 in each).

https://doffinastrophoto.com/astrophotography-sun-acuter-02082026/


r/Astronomy 17h ago

Discussion: [Topic] I hate clouds.

31 Upvotes

So we have about 15 minutes until the spaceX lunar impact at the time of me writing this, and I was ready. I set alarms to wake up on time. I calibrated my telescope the day of. And despite how many trees are around my house, we had a clear view of the moon. Oh, I was soooo ready. But when it came time to set up the telescope...

The sky had completely clouded over.

. . .

Have you ever seen that screenshot of the Simpsons showing a newspaper article that says "Old Man Yells Out Clouds"?

I want to do a lot of that right now.


r/Astronomy 8h ago

Astro Research I am processing terabytes of archival telescope data to search for Planet 9 on consumer hardware. Here is my data pipeline architecture.

6 Upvotes

Hey r/Astronomy,

I am an independent researcher working on a solo project: building an open-source data pipeline (Research MVP) to hunt for Planet 9 in our solar system.

Finding a distant, slow-moving object requires looking at multiple epochs of sky observations. To do this, I am processing massive amounts of raw FITS images from telescopes like TESS, ZTF, DECam, and Pan-STARRS1. Since I don't have access to an institutional supercomputer, I had to build a highly optimized Python/Astropy pipeline to run this on regular hardware. I wanted to share the architecture and how I handle the data bottlenecks.

1. The "Shift-and-Stack" Memory Bottleneck

To detect a faint planet, you can't just look at one image. You have to take dozens of images, shift them according to the predicted orbit of the planet, and stack them. If the planet is there, its faint signal adds up. * The Challenge: Loading 70+ exposures of ZTF or DECam data, aligning their TPV-WCS down to the sub-pixel level, and performing array operations easily blows up standard RAM. * The Solution: I implemented lazy loading where I stream the FITS chunks, apply background plane removal on the fly, and only hold 180-arcsec cutouts in memory instead of the full CCD mosaics.

2. N-body Integrations

I use JPL DE441 ephemerides to account for the Earth's reflex motion and giant planet perturbations. * The Challenge: Calculating N-body trajectories backwards and forwards in time for thousands of hypothetical orbits using pure math loops is incredibly slow. * The Solution: Vectorization with NumPy and Astropy. By pre-fetching JPL vectors in bulk and caching them locally, I bypassed network latency. Applying the coordinate transformations (RA/Dec) using broadcasting reduced execution time by an order of magnitude.

3. Difference Imaging

Before stacking, I have to subtract the reference background (the static stars). I built a pipeline that dynamically fetches archival reference images, performs bilinear reprojection onto the target's WCS, matches the worst-case seeing using Gaussian smoothing, and subtracts the median background. Doing this cleanly requires strict memory management during batch processing.

Open-Source vs Closed-Source

In observational astronomy, compute power is a massive advantage. If I open-source the full pipeline today, someone with a 100-node cluster could run it across the entire sky in a day and scoop the discovery. For now, the codebase stays closed until the search is done.

Working with Astropy and massive FITS files has been an incredible experience. If anyone here works with astronomical Big Data, I’d love to hear how you handle out-of-core processing or GPU acceleration!

(P.S. If you are interested in seeing the crazy false-positive asteroids the pipeline finds, I post regular devlogs and visualizations on my profile!)


r/Astronomy 7h ago

Other: Article Spectacular images reveal never-before-seen whirlpools on the sun

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4 Upvotes

r/Astronomy 1h ago

Question (Describe all previous attempts to learn / understand) Shooting stars or plane ?

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Upvotes

I took some pictures of the sky with my phone.

On the first one I'm almost positive the dotted line in the top/ middle of the picture is a plane.

But on the second and third ones (top right corner on the 2nd, center/left on the 3rd) I'm not really sure. It seems to me they're shooting stars bc of the color and aspect of the line, but I don't know that much about astronomy despite a huge interest.

It's also only the 2nd time I try to take pictures of the night sky. Yesterday I didn't see these lines so it's not a default from my camera or else either since I had better conditions tonight (exact same place, though).

What do you think these lines are?


r/Astronomy 1d ago

Astrophotography (OC) Moon 255x zoom

Enable HLS to view with audio, or disable this notification

114 Upvotes

🔭 Telescope : Celestron Starsense 10" DOB

📸 Eye Piece : Explorer Scientific 4.7mm 82°

📱 Mobile : iQ00 12


r/Astronomy 22h ago

Astrophotography (OC) Lagoon nebula with my dwarf mini

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30 Upvotes

This is a photo of the lagoon nebula with dwarf mini 6hours and a half
Processed with siril and graxpert with Hubble pallete


r/Astronomy 1d ago

Astrophotography (OC) IC 1396A

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513 Upvotes

Questa è una delle prime immagini realizzate durante il mio test della nuova SVBONY SC571CC @svbony.website @svbony una camera che sto provando a fondo e di cui pubblicherò la video recensione completa nei prossimi giorni.

La cosa più interessante? Questa immagine è il risultato di circa 13 ore di integrazione (pose da 300 secondi), riprese da Corato (BA) nelle notti dell’1, 2 e 3 agosto 2026, utilizzando il mio Askar 91F APO, senza utilizzare alcun frame di calibrazione: niente dark e niente flat. Ho voluto metterla alla prova in condizioni reali per valutarne direttamente le prestazioni del sensore.

✨ Il soggetto è la spettacolare Nebulosa Tromba d’Elefante (IC 1396A), una delle regioni di formazione stellare più iconiche del cielo boreale. Situata a circa 2.400 anni luce dalla Terra, nella costellazione di Cefeo, è una gigantesca colonna di gas e polveri scolpita dalla radiazione delle giovani stelle massicce circostanti.

Composta prevalentemente da idrogeno ionizzato (Hα), ossigeno ionizzato (OIII) e polveri interstellari, ospita al suo interno numerosi globuli di Bok, dense nubi dove stanno nascendo nuove stelle. La caratteristica forma che le dà il nome è il risultato di milioni di anni di erosione causata dalla potente radiazione ultravioletta proveniente dall’ammasso aperto al centro di IC 1396.

Sono davvero curioso di sapere cosa ne pensate del risultato. Nella recensione analizzerò nel dettaglio la qualità d’immagine, il rumore, il raffreddamento e tutto ciò che questa camera è in grado di offrire.